相互代词:表示相互关系的词叫相互代词。
each other ,one another是相互代词,译成“互相”,可以通用。each other表示两者之间,而one anther表示许多人之间。它们有所有格形式each other’s ,one another’s。如: We must help each other when we are in trouble.(我们身处困境时要互相帮助。) / They sat there without talking to one another / each other.(他们坐在那儿,互相都不说话。)
(十)疑问代词:用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。
1.who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首。口语中也常用who代替whom作宾语,但在介词后则只能用whom。如:
Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party?(你都邀请了谁参加你的生日聚会的?) / What does she want to be when she grows up?(她长大了想干什么?)
2.who 和whom只能独立使用,其中who可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语,whom只能作谓语动词的宾语;而what、which、whose等既可以独立使用作主语、表语和宾语,也可以与名词构成疑问短语。如: Who is that man?(那男的是谁?) / What colour are their hats?(他们的帽子是什么颜色?) / Which car was made in Germany?(哪辆车是德国造的?)(被动句)
注意这个提问:The man in the car is my father.(车里的男人是我父亲)
→Which man is your father?(哪个男人是你的父亲?)
3.which除了可以询问指代的情况之外,还可以针对说明人物的时间、地点、岁数、颜色、大小、状况等进行提问。如:People there live a very sad life.(那里的人生活凄惨) →Which people live a sad life? (哪些人生活凄惨?)/ --Which hotel have you booked for your holiday?(为了度假你预订了哪家旅馆?)—The biggest one in Haikou.(海口最大的那家旅馆)
4.疑问代词不分单复数,视它所替代的人或事物决定单复数,但是通常用单数;如果修饰名词,则以名词的单复数为准。如:Who is (are) in that playhouse?(谁在游戏房里?) / What is that? (那是什么?)/ What are those? (那些是什么?) / What colours do they have?(它们有哪些颜色?)