作者:城市网 来源:城市网学院 更新日期:2013-3-28
前文中,我们涉及到了AND是非常重要的小词,容易听漏,我们需要重点注意。本文将为考生们分析另一个小词——BUT,它在听力中的重要性不亚于AND,也同样非常容易被忽略,因此需要我们加倍小心。 u 重要性 ? 转折 But在句子中的出现频率非常高,在大多数情况下用作并列连词连接,连接两个并列的分句或两个并列的成分,在意思上BUT表示转折,翻译为“但是”,“可是”。如: A real find for our patients has been the shock-absorbing shoe insert. A cheap but very effective solution. (剑3 Test1 Section4后面缩写为:3-1-4) Sometimes there's simple fix such as changing the guy at the top. … But a more ambitious approach … would be to alter … (5-4-3) 这边表示的是含义的转折,说话的侧重点往往是放在BUT的后面。因此往往会是听力中的考点,我们需要在听力过程中留意去听取。 What does Karin think the #pany will do? A. Look for private investors B. Accept a takeover offer C. Issue some new shares Audio Scripts: … They have the choice of accepting the very favorable terms that another #pany … have given them to buy them out. … Or they could … offer some new shares if they wanted. But I … expect they will start trying to find individuals who'd be prepared to back them with some of the capital they need. (5-4-3) 此题我们会发现A,B,C都有提及,并且都做了同义词互换,因此在听力中有较大的负担。不过BUT的出现却能够帮助我们解题。这个词语后面就是答案,这样我们就很快的定位到了答案句。当然也可以通过排除法来做题,也就是but前面都是错的,排除B和C同样也能很快知道答案A。 还有一种情况是出现在固定短语not only … but also … 中,这是一组关联并列连词,表示其所连接的成份在意义上后一项对前一项的补充和引申,但侧重点在后一项上,意思是“不但……而且……”。如, Not only is he interested in the subject but also all his students are beginning to show interested in it. 有时候,but和also可以被分隔使用,如: Of course they bring different ideas, but it's also their attitudes … (7-1-3) 个别时候甚至可以将also省略,不过意思还是一样的 During times of change they should be thinking not only about the strain on their staff but take time out to think of themselves. (7-1-3) 此时意义类似于and,因此前后两句都很重要,都有可能是考点,需要同等注意。 ? 同义互换 BUT往往不会在试卷上出现,因此我们不需要过分关注它与其他词语之间的互换。但是同样表示转折的词语却有不少,同样也是我们需要关注的。 However: Videos, however, are ideal for use with everyone present in the class… (2-3-3) Whereas: Asiatic lions also have a long fold of skin on the undersides, whereas not many African lions have this. (6-4-4) Nevertheless: Nevertheless, when you start out and particularly when you're going for an interview, it's important not to confuse people …(IELTS plus Test 3 Section 4) 这些词语虽然都表示转折的意思,但是相对于but来说都属于生难词汇,尤其是在听力过程中,往往无法能够听懂这些词语;另外由于这些词语都较长并且一般后面都会有一定的停顿时间,在听力中听到并不难。因此在听力过程中出现频率并不是很高。 u 难点 ? 语音难点 既然BUT这么重要,并且出现频率也很高,那么在听力过程中会有什么问题呢?研究中心分析发现,首先,和AND一样,BUT本身只是连词,并不是说话的重点,因此在说话的过程中,这个词语并不会完全读成/b^t/,而是会弱化为/b?t/;其次,由于BUT是由爆破音/t/结尾,因此如果后面的词是辅音这个词语就会爆破,此时BUT仅仅读作/b?/。这样远远加大了听出这个词语的可能性,自然也很难能定位到后面的重要的话。 Testing and evaluation Quick feedback from oral presentation. Marking criteria for oral presentations known in advance. Too much ______ Audio Scripts:… at lease we've done the oral presentation … I got my feedback really quickly … We knew the criteria … but I'm not so sure about the written work. One thing I think is that there's just too much, it's really stressful. (5-3-3) 此题有相当难度,因为空前的too much是在很后面才出现,听到了这个词语时答案已经不知所踪了。此题可以通过前面几句的名词oral presentation, feedback, criteria来定位,然后BUT的出现也就预示了答案的到来。但是这个题目中BUT读的非常弱,非常容易听漏。 总的来说,提醒考生们,在表示转折的连词中BUT的出现频率是最高的,而且BUT之后往往是非常重要的语句,也就是答案句所在。要注意的是BUT会弱读,需要重点练习对这个词语的敏感度。
|